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Social control is a concept within the disciplines of the social sciences and within political science. Sociologists identify two basic forms of social control: # Informal means of control - Internalisation of norms and values by a process known as socialization, which is defined as "the process by which an individual, born with behavioral potentialities of enormously wide range, is led to develop actual behavior which is confined to the narrower range of what is acceptable for him by the group standards."〔Lindzey, Gardner (Ed), (1954). Handbook of social psychology. I. Theory and method. II. Special fields and applications. (2 vols)., (pp. II, 655-692). Oxford, England: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., xx, 1226 pp.〕 # Formal means of social control - External sanctions enforced by government to prevent the establishment of chaos or anomie in society. Some theorists, such as Émile Durkheim, refer to this form of control as regulation. As briefly defined above, the means to enforce social control can be either informal or formal.〔Poore, S. (Overview of Social Control Theories ). The Hewett School. Retrieved on: September 2, 2007.〕 Sociologist Edward A. Ross argues that belief systems exert a greater control on human behavior than laws imposed by government, no matter what form the beliefs take.〔Ross, E.A. 2009 (1901). (Social Control: Control A Survey of the Foundations of Order ). Piscataway, NJ: Transcation Publishers.〕 Social control is considered to be one of the foundations of order within society. ==Definition of the concept== Roodenburg identifies the concept of social control as a classical concept. While the concept of social control has been around since the formation of organized sociology, the meaning has been altered over time. Originally, the concept simply referred to society's ability to regulate itself. However, in the 1930s, the term took on its more modern meaning of an individual's conversion to conformity.〔 Social control theory began to be studied as a separate field in the early 20th century. The concept of social control is related to another concept, which is the notion of social order. Social control is a thing which is identified as existing in the following areas of society, the welfare state, psychiatry, the working environment, policing and the law, and the education system.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「social control」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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